Jean-Baptiste Bagaza

Jean-Baptiste Bagaza
Bagaza in 1978
2nd President of Burundi
In office 1 November 1976 – 3 September 1987
Prime Minister	Édouard Nzambimana (1976‍–‍1978)
Preceded by	Michel Micombero
Succeeded by	Pierre Buyoya
Personal details
Born	(1946-08-29)29 August 1946[1] Rutovu, Ruanda-Urundi
Died	4 May 2016(2016-05-04) (aged 69) Brussels, Belgium
Political party	UPRONA PARENA
Spouse	Fausta Bagaza
Children	4
Military service
Allegiance	Burundi
Conviction(s)	Conspiracy against former president Pierre Buyoya
Imprisoned at	Mpanga Prison (1997)

Jean-Baptiste Bagaza (29 August 1946 – 4 May 2016) was a Burundian army officer and politician who ruled Burundi as president and de facto military dictator from November 1976 to September 1987.

Born into the Tutsi ethnic group in 1946, Bagaza served in the Burundian military and rose through the ranks under the rule of Michel Micombero after his rise to power in 1966. Bagaza deposed Micombero in a bloodless coup d'état in 1976 and took power himself as head of the ruling Union for National Progress (Union pour le Progrès national, UPRONA). Despite having participated in the genocidal killings of 1972, he introduced various reforms which modernised the state and made concessions to the country's ethnic Hutu majority. His regime became increasingly repressive after it became consolidated in 1984, especially targeting the powerful Catholic Church. His rule lasted until 1987 when his regime was overthrown in a further coup d'état and he was forced into exile. He returned to Burundi in 1994 and became involved in national politics as the leader of the Party for National Recovery (Parti pour le Redressement National, PARENA). He died in 2016.